Bureau of Economic Analysis · BEA 26-15
U.S. Economy Slows
to a Near-Crawl
GDP Second Estimate  ·  Q4 2025  ·  Released March 13, 2026
2nd Estimate
+0.7%
GDP Growth
Q4 2025
↓ from 4.4% in Q3
2.1%
Full-Year
GDP 2025
vs 2.8% in 2024
2.9%
PCE Inflation
Q4 2025
↑ from 2.7% prior qtr
−0.7 ppt
Revision vs.
Advance Est.
Advance was 1.4%
GDP Growth Rate — Last 8 Quarters
What Drove Q4 Growth
🛒
Consumer Spending
+2.0% (slowed from +3.5%)
+1.33 ppt
🏗️
Private Investment
Equipment & IP led gains
+0.57 ppt
🏛️
Government Spending
Shutdown effect: −1 ppt GDP
−1.03 ppt
📦
Exports
Services exports fell sharply
−0.36 ppt
Key Context
⚠️
The October–November 2025 government shutdown significantly distorted this reading. BEA estimates the furloughing of federal workers subtracted approximately 1.0 percentage point from Q4 GDP growth on its own. Without that drag, the underlying economy was growing closer to ~1.7%— still a notable deceleration from Q3, but less alarming than the headline implies. Separately, BLS could not collect October CPI data during the shutdown; BEA used estimated values.
Inflation Snapshot — Q4 2025
3.8%
Gross Domestic
Purchases Index
All goods & services purchased in U.S.
2.9%
PCE Price
Index
Fed's preferred inflation gauge
2.7%
Core PCE
(ex food & energy)
Stripped of volatile items
Fed's 2% inflation target shown for reference. Full-year 2025 PCE averaged 2.6%.
The Bottom Line

The U.S. economy ended 2025 with its weakest quarterly performance of the year — but the story is more complicated than the 0.7% headline suggests. A federal government shutdown that ran through most of October knocked roughly a full percentage point off growth, and consumer spending and business investment remained the economy's backbone. For the full year, GDP grew 2.1%, a solid-if-unspectacular result. The bigger concern heading into 2026 may be that inflation has not yet reached the Fed's 2% target, limiting the central bank's room to cut interest rates even as growth cools.