Category: Kansas state government

  • Kansas legislative scorecards, rankings

    Kansans need to know the true voting record of members of the legislature. Legislative scorecards or ratings can be a valuable resource for learning about the actions and record of legislators.

    These ratings are valuable because they record what a legislator actually does. Sometimes that’s different from what legislators say they do.

    Producing a meaningful rating is difficult. You need to find votes that discriminate between political positions, as including a bill where the vote was 115 to 3 provides little discriminative value. Sometimes there are procedural votes leading up to final passage, and it may be these somewhat obscure votes that provide the ability to meaningfully distinguish political positions.

    Through the 2008 legislative session, Karl Peterjohn of the Kansas Taxpayers Network produced scorecards. After Peterjohn was elected to the Sedgwick County Commission in 2008, KTN merged with the Kansas Chapter of Americans For Prosperity. AFP produced ratings for the 2009 and 2010 session. Also, the Kansas Economic Freedom Index produces legislative ratings.

    Following are the scorecards for recent sessions.

    Kansas Senate

    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2010
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2009
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2008
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2007
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2005
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2004
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2003
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2002
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2001
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 2000
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 1999
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 1998
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 1997
    Kansas Senate Legislative Scorecard 1996

    Kansas House of Representatives

    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2010
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2009
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2008
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2007
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2006
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2005
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2004
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2003
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2001
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 2000
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 1999
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 1998
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 1997
    Kansas House Legislative Scorecard 1996

  • Kansas fund balances disputed despite evidence of their existence, benefit

    A Wichita Eagle op-ed by Kansas State School Board Member David Dennis (Fund balances won’t save schools) and another by Rhonda Holman dispute evidence that Kansas can make it through the current financial situation by making use of large fund balances in state agency accounts.

    In his op-ed, Dennis writes that while he doesn’t disagree that Kansas schools have $700 million in funds excluding capital and bond payments, he writes “That fact by itself is very misleading. Each account must be analyzed separately.” He then proceeds to list some of these funds, their balances as of July 1, and what the fund is used for.

    This recitation, however, doesn’t qualify as “analysis.” An analysis would look at the change in fund balances over the course of a budget year, and the trend of the balances over years. Dennis doesn’t do any of this. Of course, that type of material doesn’t make it into most newspapers.

    Evidence gathered by the Kansas Policy Institute has found that statewide, these fund balances have grown by 53 percent over the last four years. For the Wichita school district, these balances have grown from $74 million to $94 million over the last four years. These funds grow when more money is added to them than is spent — strong evidence that schools have been receiving more money than they have needed.

    So we have a member of the school spending lobby disputing the availability of these funds and calling for more tax revenue to be spent on schools. Not much new here.

    What’s more disturbing is Wichita Eagle editorial writer Rhonda Holman’s recent editorial (Work together to solve budget crisis). It doesn’t come right out and say that the idea of using fund balances to make it through a tight spot is bogus. Instead, Holman shades her claims, using phrases like “If that were true” and “But a very different — and more realistic — scenario faces Parkinson and returning legislators.”

    This is after slamming the think tank that found these balances and promotes their use as “conservative.” (Believe me, that was meant as an insult.)

    It’s neither conservative nor liberal to look at facts.

    But the fact that these fund balances are available — and the fact that they’ve been growing in recent years — isn’t comfortable for big-taxing and big-spending liberals in Kansas. First, the growing balances mean that these funds have been stocked with more money than has been necessary.

    Second, for agencies to draw down these fund balances means that they’re going to have to be more careful in managing their finances and accounts. It’s easier to operate with large fund balances, no doubt, but many Kansans right now are operating on tight household budgets. We should expect government to do the same.

    Then, if we find that Kansas can make it through this tight spot without tax increases, that deprives Kansas government spenders of future tax revenue. After all, if new taxes are implemented now, they’ll probably be around after the economy recovers, providing even more tax revenue for Kansas government to spend.

    Tough economic times ought to provide an incentive to look for ways that government can become more efficient. But hardly anyone in Kansas government is looking for savings. In the case of Kansas schools, planned performance audits were canceled last year because school administers were too busy working on budget cuts. School districts could voluntarily participate in the audit — Derby did — but the Wichita school district didn’t participate.

  • Wichita-area legislators hear a variety of issues

    Last night, members of the South-central Kansas legislative delegation heard from citizens in a meeting at the Sedgwick County Courthouse. The 2010 Kansas legislative session starts next week.

    Greg Dye of Wichita spoke on the Bank of North Dakota. He says that Kansas should have such a state bank, which would require an amendment to the Kansas Constitution. He also said that states should seek to remove themselves from the control of the Federal Reserve Bank.

    Several speakers, including Wichitan Mark Gietzen, who is president of the Kansas Coalition for Life, asked legislators to cut funding to Planned Parenthood. He thanked legislators for passing such a law, and said it was unfortunate that the governor vetoed that bill. He said that Planned Parenthood has plenty of funds, and taxpayer money should not be used to fund organizations that provide abortions.

    Allegations of problems with the child protection system in Kansas is usually an issue at these meetings. One speaker said he spent time in jail because of false accusations of a Sedgwick County family law judge. It’s driven by money, he said, in that when a child is judged to be a “child in need of care” the state gets money.

    Another speaker said that “every child is nothing but a dollar sign to the system” and made allegations of inappropriate postings on Facebook by SRS attorneys.

    Marlene Jones spoke on child issues, citing the Kansas Legislative Post Audit study of 2009 that found that “58 percent of the social workers in Sedgwick County were being pressured by the Sedgwick County DA’s office to include distorted, falsified facts to remove children.” She referenced recent hearings in Topeka where SRS Secretary Don Jordan stated that Kansas’ reunification rate of children with parents is 25 percent, which Jordan also said is the same as the national average. But Jones said that according to HHS statistics, the national average is in fact 52 percent, making Kansas’ average less than half that. Jones said that Sedgwick County’s rate of reunification is only 15 percent. Families of the other 85 percent, therefore, are emotionally and financially destroyed trying to attempt to get their children back, “not knowing that there was never any possibility of that happening.” She urged accountability. There is video of Jones’ testimony.

    Kip Schroeder of Wichita acknowledged the difficult job the legislators perform. Over the past ten years, he said, Kansas has lost 17,200 private sector jobs. During the same time Kansas added 20,200 public sector employees, which he said makes it difficult to maintain a balanced budget. He asked that legislators not raise taxes under any circumstances.

    Judicial corruption was the topic of several speakers. A citizens’ grand jury, an ombudsman, or some type of outside entity is asked for as a way to investigate this alleged corruption. It’s requested that Jim Morrison, a Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives from Colby and chair of the Government Efficiency and Fiscal Oversight Committee, be given subpoena power to compel testimony under oath.

    One speaker suggested a constitutional amendment that would require citizen election of supreme court judges, saying that would cause attorneys and judges to expose each others’ corruption as part of a campaign for election.

    Others allege that Blackwater contractors working for the CIA are in Wichita conducting illegal surveillance and killing people in Wichita hospitals, because they were fighting for justice.

    Dave Trabert of the Kansas Policy Institute presented testimony about how Kansas can make it through the current financial situation without raising taxes or cutting essential services. His remarks may be read by clicking on Solution to Kansas budget crisis offered.

    John Todd of Wichita asked legislators to forgo tax increases. “This is not a time to raise taxes on businesses and families that are struggling to pay their bills and trying to maintain their jobs. Economic recovery will come from the private sector, particularly small businesses that don’t need a rollback of hard-fought tax relief gained in previous legislative sessions.” He also recommended legislative approval of appointments to the Kansas Supreme Court, no seat belt requirements or smoking bans, and passage of the state sovereignty resolution (Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 1615).

    KCTU Television’s R.J. Dickens presented a colorful argument for a “real person law,” which would require companies to make it easier to talk to actual customer service persons on the telephone. “We have the right to contact with other human beings in a timely manner,” he said. He added that the Kansas Corporation Commission has fined Kansas utility companies for not answering telephones quickly enough.

    Kelly Wendeln spoke on the topic of wind power versus coal generation of electricity. He named all the area legislators who voted against the expansion of the Holcomb Station coal-fired electric plant in Western Kansas.

    Gordon Bakken asked legislators to legalize marijuana, saying that enforcement of the marijuana prohibition laws creates more problems than the drug itself.

    Joel Weihe of Wichita spoke on downtown Wichita development and revitalization. He asked that legislators turn down requests for tax credits as a Wichita downtown development tool. He said that only a small number of developers benefit from these subsidies. Also the subsidies let government pick winners and losers, and therefore creates an unlevel playing field.

    Other coverage is from the Wichita Eagle at Sedgwick Co. residents tell legislators not to raise taxes, Kansas Watchdog at Wichita-area Legislators Hear From Citizens Before Session Starts, State of the state Kansas at Kansas Legislators Hear Capitol Preview, KWCH at Kansas Lawmakers Hear From Citizens, and KAKE at Lawmakers Hear From Citizens Before Heading To Capitol.

    Analysis

    The attendance by legislators this year was noticeably lower than in recent years. There were some new voices in the audience this year, but many of the speakers are familiar to the legislators from previous appearances.

    Some speakers in these forums and other similar situations demand that legislators “do their jobs” and work for the people, or something similar to that. The problem, however, is that there is a great diversity of opinion on what it means to “work for the people.”

    The allegations of widespread corruption in Kansas state and local governments may contain a seed of merit. But sometimes people, after they’ve lost their cases in court or the legislature doesn’t agree with their positions or requests, declare corruption as the reason for their loss. Followers of this blog know that the city council, county commission, school board, Kansas legislature, and United States Congress rarely agree with the positions that I believe in and advocate. I believe that most of these politicians and officeholders are simply misinformed about issues, or that they don’t believe in freedom, liberty, and limited government as I do. It doesn’t mean they’re corrupt. They’re just wrong.

  • Solution to Kansas budget crisis offered

    At a meeting of the South-central Kansas legislative delegation on January 5, 2010, Dave Trabert, president of the Kansas Policy Institute spoke to legislators about ways that Kansas can make it through the upcoming legislative session without raising taxes or cutting essential services. Due to the relatively short time limit given to speakers he was not able to present all his remarks, but his complete remarks are presented here.

    Good evening. My name is Dave Trabert and I’m president of Kansas Policy Institute.

    I can’t imagine what it must be like to be in your positions as you head to Topeka next week, facing large budget shortfalls and being pressured to raise taxes.

    The situation has been framed as a choice between raising taxes or cutting essential services, neither of which are good choices.

    I’m here tonight to share some good news: our research strongly indicates that neither of those bad choices is necessary.

    State agencies are probably holding more than enough cash reserves to get us through the immediate crisis … and we can reduce spending without cutting services by making government operate more efficiently.

    I can’t cover everything in 3 minutes, but the highlights are in your packets.

    The first document is a list of unencumbered carryover cash balances held by each state agency. Not counting money set aside for unemployment, the billion in idle cash that belongs to local governments and several other funds, state agencies started this year with over $800 million in carryover cash reserves. Universities had another $300 million.

    Sure, some of it might not be readily available. But no audits have been conducted to prove that they need it. Should we just take their word?

    Next, tax increases. Revenues are down now because of the recession, but taxes increased 40% from 2001 to 2008 … more than double the rate of inflation.

    But what about that $billion in “cuts” and “exemptions”? The Kansas Department of Revenue’s list is the 3rd document … the top 5 amounts are property tax, car tax, EIC, single income rate reductions and food sales tax rebates.

    Do they really believe that these changes caused the budget crisis? Or could it be that spending grew faster than revenues in 4 of the last 5 years?

    And how can you deal with school districts suing taxpayers for more money?

    Well, they also have large cash reserves … not counting capital projects and debt service, they started this year with $700 million left over from prior years … and despite their protests, [Kansas Deputy Commissioner of Education] Dale Dennis says they can access that money … if they want to.

    Schools are also a great example of how government can operate more efficiently.

    We released a study today showing that per pupil expenditures in 2008 ranged from $9,017 to $25,240. If the high spenders had just been at median for similar sized districts, it would have saved $636 million. Legislative Post Audit also says many districts could save a lot of money, offering 80 recommendations last year.

    The State has many viable options to get through this crisis without raising taxes or cutting essential services. That is really good news!

    It won’t be easy, but we can come out of this recession in good shape and ready to take on the competition for jobs and economic growth.

    Kansas Policy Institute stands ready to help. Thanks for your time.

    The just-released study that Trabert referred to is A Kansas Primer on Education Funding, Volume III: Analysis of K-12 Spending in Kansas.

  • Kansas state budget crisis largely self-inflicted

    Kansas Policy Institute commentary

    What should citizens do when they feel that local news media is not covering issues as they should be covered? You could do as I did, starting Voice For Liberty in Wichita. Others start think tanks like the Kansas Policy Institute and its featured projects Kansas Watchdog and Kansas Reporter.

    Now the Kansas Policy Institute has placed some of its research into our state’s largest newspaper by way of paying for advertisements. Following is the text of an an to appear on Sunday. The ad as it will appear is available at State Budget Crisis Largely Self-Inflicted.

    More information about the data presented in the research is available at KansasOpenGov.org’s data warehouse and KPI’s data warehouse.

    Following is the text of the commentary. The chart doesn’t appear — click on the ad for that.

    State Budget Crisis Largely Self-Inflicted
    Tax Increases and Service Cuts Not Necessary

    Declining revenues have forced dramatic changes in the state budget and prompted calls for tax increases. The revenue declines may be recession-driven but the budget crisis is largely self-inflicted. Recessions are not a matter of ‘if’ but ‘when’ and their inevitable appearance should be part of every government financial plan.

    Responsible budgeting prepares for periodic revenue declines by setting money aside in good years. When downturns in the economy cause revenue declines, you can draw down some reserves to weather the storm without having to dramatically cut services or prolong the recession with tax increases. Crisis is avoided by prudent financial planning.

    Crisis is invited, however, when you allow expenses to grow faster than your income and that is exactly what the State of Kansas has done over four of the last five years.

    Even though total State General Fund (SGF) revenues declined the last two years, FY 2009 SGF revenues were still 23.7% higher than five years prior. Spending, however, was 40.5% higher.

    Imagine how different things would be today if state government had kept spending in check. In fact, had we limited spending to 4.5% annual increases (well above inflation) we would have finished FY 2009 with a $3.0 billion surplus.

    Instead, reminiscent of requests for taxpayer bailouts from irresponsible Wall Street firms, some government officials and others are calling for tax increases.

    Governor Parkinson says further spending reductions simply are not possible. With all due respect, such claims are hard to believe absent confirmation by truly independent analysis. (If you would like to do your own analysis, the complete state check register, state payroll information and retiree benefits are now online at www.KansasOpenGov.org.)

    Regardless, we can work through the existing crisis without cutting essential services or increasing taxes. This fiscal year began with over a billion dollars in unencumbered carryover cash reserves in state agency accounts. Some of that money might not be available but we only need a portion of it right now. Since most balances have been growing annually and the necessary ending balances have not been determined, we can probably find what we need to avoid tax increases or service cuts.

    Excessive spending is to blame for the current budget crisis and it is wrong to ask taxpayers for a bailout. It’s also unnecessary; the state should use a portion of the carryover cash reserves being held by state agencies to get through the immediate problem and implement a full independent review of state spending in search of ways to provide good services at lower costs.

    Now tell us what you think. Send your comments to information@kansaspolicy.org.

  • Kansas Policy Institute site launched

    The Flint Hills Center for Public Policy, a Kansas-based think tank, recently changed its name to the Kansas Policy Institute. Now the organization’s website, formerly at www.flinthills.org, has changed. The new site is Kansas Policy Institute at www.kansaspolicy.org.

    From the new site: Kansas Policy Institute is an independent non-profit organization that advocates for free enterprise solutions and the protection of personal freedom. Our work is focused on state and local economic issues in Kansas with particular emphasis on education, fiscal policy and health care. We empower citizens and legislators with credible research and creative ideas to promote a low-tax, pro-growth environment that preserves the ability to provide high quality services.

  • Kansas legislative delegation meetings set

    Following is information about two upcoming meetings of the South Central Kansas legislative delegation. The Tuesday evening meeting is for citizens, while the Thursday meeting is designed for government officials to present their case to the legislators, although at least some citizens are given preferential treatment in the case of the Northern Flyer Alliance.

    At 7:00 p.m., on Tuesday, January 5, 2010, the Sedgwick County/South Central Kansas legislative delegation will be hosting a public hearing and inviting public input in the Jury Room of the Sedgwick County Court House, 525 N. Main, Wichita, Kansas. This is your opportunity to address your concerns to area legislators prior to the convening of the 2010 legislative session that begins in Topeka on January 11, 2010. Entry to the Court House will be through security on the north side of the building. In past years speakers have been given approximately 3 minutes to speak depending on the number of people wanting to speak.

    From 1:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. on Thursday, January 7, 2010, the Sedgwick County/South Central Kansas legislative delegation will be holding their annual meeting at the Wichita State University Marcus Center located at 4205 E. 21st Street, Wichita, Kansas, just east of the WSU baseball stadium. The public is invited but will not be allowed to formally address the delegation. This is your opportunity to listen and find out about the legislative agendas of local governmental units like the City of Wichita, Sedgwick County, USD-259, Wichita State University, and private sector groups like the Wichita Chamber of Commerce, Wichita Independent Business Association, and others. Below is the tentative schedule for the meeting.

    1:00 Call to Order and Welcome, Representative McCray-Miller
    1:10 State General Fund Overview, Alan Conroy
    1:50 Wichita State University
    2:10 Wichita Independent Business Association
    2:25 Wichita Public Schools
    2:45 Wichita Metro Chamber of Commerce
    3:00 Break
    3:15 18th Judicial District, Judge Fleetwood
    3:25 Northern Flyer Alliance, Debra Fischer Stout
    3:35 Prevent Child Abuse, Vicky Roper
    3:45 City of Wichita
    4:05 Sedgwick County
    4:25 REAP
    4:40 Announcements and Adjournment, Representative McCray-Miller

  • DeGraaf delivers update on Kansas budget, other matters

    Last Friday Kansas State Representative Pete DeGraaf, a Republican from Mulvane, updated members and guests of the Wichita Pachyderm Club on the status of the Kansas budget and other legislative matters. He appeared with Representative Don Myers, a Republican from Derby.

    DeGraaf was appointed to the legislature at the end of the 2008 session to fill the vacancy created when Ted Powers died. DeGraaf was elected to a full term in November 2008. He serves on the important House Appropriations Committee.

    “Americans are awaking up, and they’re not liking the shift to the left,” DeGraaf told the audience. Even in Washington, politicians are recognizing that people are upset.

    Locally, he said that the budgetary problems in Kansas provide an opportunity to cut government, “not only in scope, but in real funding and numbers.” Government has grown rapidly in Kansas, and the current situation provides an opportunity to evaluate our priorities, to decide what’s critical and what isn’t.

    Speaking about the current budget, DeGraaf said that K through12 education was cut 4.7%, when considering base state aid per pupil. But when considering overall funding, school budgets were not cut at all due to the impact of federal and local funding.

    Furthermore, he said that schools put millions into savings accounts — the unencumbered funds that the Kansas Watchdog has uncovered.

    Since K through 12 school spending — which is about half the state’s general fund spending — was cut so little, large cuts were made in other areas. Some social service agencies such as Comcare were cut by 52%, he said. Facilities like state hospitals and juvenile detention centers may be closed, potentially releasing predatory offenders back on the streets.

    From a legislative perspective, he said the pressure comes from a “highly-paid, energetic lobby, K through 12.” He described the high-pressure, nasty emails — complete with misspelled words — he receives from school administrators.

    DeGraaf said he appreciated the Sedgwick County legislative platform with its positions advocating for state hospital beds and funding for developmentally disabled people. There are 2,000 people on a waiting list in Sedgwick County alone, he said.

    DeGraaf recommended using KansasVotes.org to keep up with the voting record of members of the Kansas House and Senate.

    For the upcoming Kansas legislative session, DeGraaf said that the budget deficit that legislators will have to overcome could be as much as $500 million.

    The affordable airfares program — the subsidy paid to AirTran Airways to provide cheap air service in Wichita — is important, he said, and we in Wichita and south-central Kansas need to make sure that legislators from northeast Kansas realize that.

    DeGraaf said the tea party movement is an encouragement.

    Analysis

    DeGraaf’s assessment of the state’s fiscal troubles as an opportunity to re-examine the role we want Kansas state government to play is spot-on. Other legislators — even Democrats such as Kansas Senator Chris Steineger with his ideas for redesigning Kansas government — have also recognized this window of opportunity. Unfortunately, the naked self-interest of the school spending lobby, particularly the Kansas National Education Association or KNEA, the teachers union) and the Kansas Association of School Boards (KASB), makes it very difficult to rationally discuss state spending.

    Even such basic reforms such as zero-based budgeting are difficult to achieve. Answering a question from the audience, DeGraaf described how an amendment requiring this never went anywhere in the last session. DeGraaf said that he’s concerned that there is not enough manpower (legislative staff) to do zero-based budgeting.

    Readers of this blog will recognize that I don’t agree with everything DeGraaf supports. His support of what he termed the “manipulated competition” that the AirTran subsidy brings to the Wichita airport is something that I have opposed, and will continue to oppose.

  • ‘Kansas Reporter’ launched

    This week the Kansas Policy Institute announced the launch of KansasReporter, a news service covering Kansas government. Combined with some other relatively new sources of news, analysis, and commentary — Kansas Liberty, Kansas Watchdog, State of the State, Kansas and a few older sources like Kansas Meadowlark and Voice For Liberty in Wichita — Kansans should be better-equipped to know what’s going on in our state, and to become more involved in our state and local governments.

    Following is its press release.

    KansasReporter launches online news service

    Topeka, Kan., Dec. 9 – KansasReporter is pleased to announce the December 9 launch of its state capital news bureau.

    KansasReporter is an online news service providing original reporting on Kansas government. The state capital bureau in Topeka is staffed by two full-time, experienced journalists. Their work will be published online at and accessible for everyone to read. It is also available as a free “wire service” to all media outlets.

    KansasReporter is a project of Kansas Policy Institute. KPI President Dave Trabert says, “We launched this service to help fill a void created by the unfortunate reduction in media resources devoted to state government news coverage. The closing of Harris News Service’s Topeka bureau earlier this year and other cutbacks have reduced information available to citizens and media outlets outside the Topeka area at a critical time. The mission is to ensure that government is held accountable to all Kansans and to examine issues from all sides. We recognize that being founded by a public policy organization raises legitimate questions of balance. The purpose of KansasReporter is not to promote a particular viewpoint but to provide vigorous and credible reporting on all sides of stories. We encourage readers to hold us accountable to our mission and welcome their constructive criticism.”

    Brian R. Hook leads the coverage as bureau chief. He will oversee editing and also report on a daily basis. With more than 15 years of journalism experience, he worked as a freelance journalist for the last ten years. He reported for dozens of publishers, including Financial Times, Dow Jones, McGraw-Hill, Kiplinger’s and U.S. News & World Report. He started his career in TV news at KAKE-TV in Wichita, before moving to Oklahoma City and then to St. Louis, helping to launch a new, prime-time newscast at KTVI.

    Gene Meyer is the new reporter for KansasReporter.org. Meyer spent 25 years reporting for the Kansas City Star. While at the Star he reported and co-wrote a series of stories regarding Kansas pension fund investment practices that led to enactment of state legislation to increase safeguards for public employees’ retirement savings. In addition to reporting for a commodity news service out of Leawood, Kan., Meyer worked for the Wall Street Journal from its Chicago bureau covering agricultural futures markets for the newspapers and Dow Jones News Wire.

    Kansas Policy Institute
    Kansas Policy Institute is a non-profit organization that advocates for free enterprise solutions and the protection of personal freedom. It also operates KansasWatchdog, KansasOpenGov and KansasVotes.

    Contact information for KansasReporter is Brian R. Hook, Bureau Chief
    Topeka Office: 785.408.6100
    Email: brhook@kansaspolicy.org